Quick Facts
What is MOTS-c?
MOTS-c is a 16-amino acid peptide encoded within the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene, making it one of several mitochondrial-derived peptides (MDPs). Discovered in 2015, it has attracted significant interest for its role in metabolic regulation. MOTS-c levels decline with age, and the peptide has been shown to mimic some effects of exercise, including improving insulin sensitivity and metabolic function.
How Does MOTS-c Work?
MOTS-c regulates metabolic homeostasis through several mechanisms. It activates AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase), the master metabolic regulator, in skeletal muscle and other tissues. This activation promotes glucose uptake, fatty acid oxidation, and mitochondrial biogenesis. MOTS-c also enters the nucleus where it can regulate gene expression related to stress response and metabolism.
Research-Backed Benefits
Metabolic Regulation
Strong EvidenceImproves glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity through AMPK activation.
Exercise Mimetic
Moderate EvidenceProduces some metabolic benefits similar to exercise without physical activity.
Weight Management
Moderate EvidenceMay help prevent obesity and support healthy body composition.
Longevity Potential
Emerging ResearchLevels decline with age; supplementation may address age-related metabolic decline.
Stress Resistance
Emerging ResearchMay improve cellular stress response and resilience.
Dosage Guidelines
Disclaimer: This content is for educational purposes only. Peptides are research compounds not approved by the FDA for human use. Always consult with a qualified healthcare provider.
Optimal human dosing is still being researched. Most data comes from animal studies.
Side Effects & Safety
- Limited human safety data
- Generally well tolerated in research
- Potential for injection site reactions
- Effects of long-term use unknown
Frequently Asked Questions
References
- Lee C, et al. "MOTS-c is an exercise-induced mitochondrial-encoded regulator." Cell Metabolism, 2015. PMID: 25738454
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